下图所示区域中，秋明、汉特-曼西斯克等城市的蔬菜供应主要依靠进口，波动较大。2014年起，这些城市郊区以及周边地区采用荷兰等国的技术，修建了大型温室蔬菜培植基地。生产的蔬菜可满足当地约20%的需求。据此完成（1）~（3）题。

阅读下面文章，完成（1）-（4）题。

云和梯田
张抗抗

   
    传说中“中国最美的云和梯田”，隐匿于浙西南括苍山脉雾气迷蒙的群峰深处，弯弯绕绕的盘山公路，倏然甩出一角空地。人在山腰，朝山下的开阔谷地望去，错落有致的梯级田畔，覆盖了周围山坡，似一个硕大的环状天池，嵌于青葱滴翠的崇山峻岭之间。
    阳光迎面扑来，俯视崇头镇外的山中梯田，好似面对着一座宽大露天体育馆。若是早几个时辰，此处可见著名的“云和梯田日出”奇景。无论冬夏——太阳每天都攀着湿淋淋、银闪闪、绿油油或是金灿灿的梯子，从山间的水田里升起来。
    此时，眼前那些高低起落、依次递接的田畔，或大或小或长或短，依山就势形状各异，顺着山坡一块块不规则地蜿蜒开去。一层层沉降，通往山洼里黑瓦白墙的小村落；一层层升高，则通往山顶的云端去了。
    远眺层层梯田，犹如面对着一座盘旋陡立的天梯。
    正是清明时节，梯田已开始灌水，咕嘟咕嘟的流水声箜箜作响，犹如节律均匀的弹拨乐。山水自上而下流入，即使是再小的田池，边缘都留有缺口，一畦注满，便自动流向下一层的田畔，有如大江大河里一级级的“梯级电站”。田畔蓄满水后，一畦畦平展展、亮汪汪得晃眼，似有神灵夜半在山上置放了无数面镜子。天亮之后，整座山谷成了一个镜子创意博览会——弧形椭圆形拱形牛角形簸箕形……一面一面无数面镜子，顺着山坡，妥妥帖帖地铺展开去。田埂上刚发芽的青草，一圈圈一道道，为镜子镶上了翠绿的镜框。镜面朝天，映出蓝天里朵朵浮荡的白云……
    尚未到开犁节，几头水牛悠然在田间啃着嫩草，田畔里盛满明晃晃的清水。这个时节，梯田是透明而宁静的，给人遐想的空间。水孕万物，水汽氤氲中，“风光不与四时同”的梯田四季，如同幻象一般浮现：
    梯田在湿润的微风中苏醒，一簇簇一行行低矮茁壮的水稻秧，齐刷刷地摇曳，绿茸茸油汪汪，在秧苗底部的空隙里，闪过荧荧的波光，银水绿影——那是水灵灵的春梯田。
    春梯田，是一轴淡淡的水墨画。
    梯田的夏季从绿色中来。由嫩绿而碧绿再墨绿……浓浓的绿、重重的绿，绿得绵密绿得厚重，犹如一针针一线线的刺绣，扎透了梯田的每一层泥土，直到把整座山谷织成绿色的绒毯。
    夏梯田，是一帧精美绝伦的绣品。
    秋季稻熟时，饱满的稻穗洒下遍地碎金，一座金山谷、满山金池塘。一层络黄一层褐黄一层澄黄，稻浪的金色涟漪从山脚一波波升上山顶，又从山顶一波波往下流淌……那是金色的秋梯田。
    秋梯田，是一幅色彩浓郁的油画。
    落雪了。梯田在飘飞的雪花中欣然更衣换妆。白雪覆盖了层层田畔，厚重或是蓬松，一畦白色又一畦白色。雪后初晴，云和梯田披上了宽大的银色缎袍，瞬时有了一种雍容华贵的气度。
    那是云和梯田最令人激动、最美的时刻——
    梯田的平面上，一层层落满了白雪，而每一级梯田的侧面土墙，则是一道道背风少雪的立面。梯级落差若是高些，土地的黑色或深褐色便明显浓重，自然而然地甩出了一条条层次分明的黑色弧线。满山的梯田在纯净的白雪映衬下，所有蜿蜒起伏的曲线骤然凸显。那阡陌纵横婀娜多姿的线条，如此洒脱流畅、随心所欲，似行云流水亦如空谷传扬的无声旋律，浅唱低吟……
    冬梯田，是一幅轮廓分明、庄严冷峻的黑白木刻。
    梯田之神奇美妙，在于一年四季变幻着炫示着迥然相异的色彩与风景。梯田之魅力，更在于它并非自然奇观，而是农耕文明积淀千年的人文极品。
    那一刻，脑中跳出一句俗语：天工人可代，人工天不知！
    相传，云和梯田已有千年历史。由闽北迁徙浙南的畲族山民，是云和梯田最早的垦殖者。“九山半水半分田”的山区，田地最为宝贵。聪明勤劳的农人先祖，用锄头镰刀和汗水，伐去山上的灌木与荆棘，挖去乱石拣尽杂砾，在高低起落的坡地上，经年累月日复一日，开垦出一小块一小块、一小片一小片的田地。或宽或窄的梯田，一长条一小块，不规则地依山势上下伸展。最小的梯田田畔，被称为“巴掌田”，即便春种一兜稻秧、秋收一把稻谷，也不会轻易放弃。历经千百年实践，先人积累了垦种梯田的丰富经验。无论何样贫瘠陡峭的山地，但凡人迹所至之处，就有了人造的梯田。梯田以水田、树木、竹林调节气候，保持四季的气温与湿度，建立起一个自我循环的生态环境，具有固化山体植被、保护水土流失之功。
    曾有疑问：水往低处流，而梯田逐级升高。古代无水泵，水梯田之水，从何而来？
    云和人说：山有多高，水有多高。
    水有多高，梯田就有多高。
    恍然，凡是适合开垦梯田的山地，山上必有水源：泉眼溪流、林木蓄水、雾气雨水……农人根据不同的地形土质，修堤筑埂，通过水笕沟渠，将水流引入梯级田畔。自古以来，垦种梯田的人家，多有“刻木定水”的民约，根据每块田的面积，协商分配各家所需水量。进入21世纪的现代社会，梯田用水则有了更为合理、科学的调配机制。
    水是梯田的生命之源。水梯田是用水养出来的。
    梯田自成一体的耕作方式，梯田独创的灌溉系统，为中国及东亚的稻作文化，增添了灿烂的一笔。
    回望云和梯田，田埂棱角分明，梯级层次清晰，如同一部刻录着中国千年农耕文明成果及非物质文化遗产的立体史册。
    在这个以“移动”为时尚的时代，尚有一种“不可移动”的物体——“梯田”，默默守望着人类共同的家园。

    Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website BookCrossing.com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.
    Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.
    Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”
    Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.
    People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossing to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce Peterson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.
    BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.

阅读下面的材料，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。
    经历几年试验，小羽在传统工艺的基础上推陈出新，研发出一种新式花茶并获得专利。可是批量生产不久，大量假冒伪劣商品就充斥市场。小羽意识到，与其眼看着刚兴起的产业这么快就走向衰败，不如带领大家一起先把市场做规范。于是，她将工艺流程公之于众，还牵头拟定了地方标准，由当地有关政府部门发布推行。这些努力逐渐见效，新式花茶产业规模越来越大，小羽则集中精力率领团队不断创新，最终成为众望所归的致富带头人。
　　要求：综合材料内容急含义，选好角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题，不要套作，不得抄袭。

    The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label:” store in the refrigerator.”
    In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthy. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher（肉商）, the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus（剩余的）bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.
    The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed-natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling…
    What refrigeration did promote was marketing—marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.
    Consequently, most of the world’s fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house-while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.
    The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don’t believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers（汉堡包）, but at least you’ll get rid of that terrible hum.

根据下列材料，完成（1）~（3）题。
    材料一  图1为我国西南部分地区略图。图2为2014年重庆工业结构图。

    材料二  成都和重庆是成渝城市群两大核心城市，成都电子信息产业发达，重庆工业基础雄厚。汽车为两城市支柱产业，成都以客车、商用车、轿车生产为主，重庆以重型汽车和轿车生产为主。在十三五规划中，两城市都把中高档轿车、新能源汽车和智能汽车作为发展重点。